Reinsurance allows insurers to remain solvent by recovering one or all of the amounts paid to applicants. Reinsurance reduces net liability to individual risks and civil protection before large or multiple losses. The practice also provides that companies seeking reinsurance are able to increase their insurance capacity in terms of number and size of risk. Defaults on swap agreements were one of the main causes of the 2008 financial crisis. The Dodd-Frank Act has adopted rules for the swap market. It contained provisions relating to the advertising of swap transactions and the authorization to create centralized exchange systems. Exchanges on centralized exchanges reduce counterparty risk. Swaps traded on the stock markets have the stock market as a counterpart. The stock market then compensates the risk with another party. Since the exchange is the co-contractor, the exchange or its clearing company will intervene to comply with the obligations arising from the swap contract.

This greatly reduces the likelihood of a counterparty default risk. Reinsurance is also known as insurer insurance or stop-loss insurance. Reinsurance is the practice in which insurers transfer part of their risk portfolios to other parties through some agreement, in order to reduce the likelihood that a significant commitment will result from a right to insurance. It is increasingly clear that partnership is not a low-cost, quick or risk-free solution. Indeed, the cost of partnership-intensive partnerships can be high, in part because of the time it takes to explore, build and manage partnership relationships. Potential partners must consider opportunity costs and, preferably, establish a number of benchmarks to measure whether the expected outcomes of the partnership are really worth the investments they make. Too often, a partnership in the early stages can be a “catch 22”; Partners invest time, energy and ideas (often months and sometimes years) and strive to strive even when transaction costs become unacceptable. This is often because she prints when her colleagues have some kind of return on investment. The results of the EMPACTA study are presented for publication in a specialized journal.

Actemra/RoActemra is currently being studied as a possible treatment for pneumonia associated with COVID-19, including in combination with an antiviral in the Phase III REMDACTA clinical study. The results of the Phase III covacta study in patients with severe pneumonia associated with COVID-19 were published in July. In addition, there are a number of independent studies with Actemra/RoActemra in this context. Actemra/RoActemra has not been approved by health authorities for pneumonia associated with COVID-19. For more information on Roche`s response to the COVID 19 global pandemic, visit our COVID-19 response page.